Animal ID
/Natural History/Animal Life Cycle & Growth
Explore Taxon:
Placental Mammal Ontogeny

Polar Bear
Ursus maritimus

Explore the complete life journey from birth to maximum documented longevity. Move the interactive age slider below to see real-time biometric growth ranges, developmental milestones, metabolic changes, and ontogenetic stages.

Avg Wild Lifespan
22 Years
Typical in habitat
Max Documented
35 Years
Record longevity
Peak Daily Gain
Species-typical; fastest during Den emergence to 3 years
Growth velocity
Aging Pattern
Gradual Aging
Senescence curve
Polar Bear
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Carnivora / Ursidae
1

Interactive Lifespan & Growth Scrubber

Drag the slider or click any milestone step to observe dynamic biometrics and physiological changes.

๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธ
Active Life Stage
Cub
๐Ÿฃ Birth / Day 0Selected Age: Birth / Hatch / Day 0๐Ÿ‘‘ Full Maturity & Maximum Longevity
Total LengthRange
30 โ€“ 35 cm
Peer-reviewed anatomical bounds for this developmental bracket.
Body Mass RangeEstimated
0.5 โ€“ 0.7 kg
Velocity: Rapid growth phase
Reproductive Maturity0%
Juvenile pre-pubescent phase
Predation Vulnerability
Critical (High Predation)
Survival probability relative to adult predation apex status.
๐ŸŒฟDietary Intake & Nutrition at Birth / Hatch / Day 0

Milk in snow den.

๐ŸพBehavior, Locomotion & Ecology

Dependent early stage (maternity snow den).

Key Developmental Milestones at this Stage:
First independent feeding attempts
Scientific Note on Precision: Growth values are approximate biological ranges derived from field and veterinary records. Exact size varies by sex, population genetics, nutritional availability, climate, and health.
2

Taxon-Specific Life Stage Machine

How Polar Bear progresses through distinct morphological phases.

๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธ
Stage 1

Cub

0โ€“12 months

Born tiny in a maternity snow den; grows rapidly on rich milk.

Anatomical Highlights:
  • โ€ขAltricial neonate
  • โ€ขGrowing milk teeth
  • โ€ขInsulating fur
Ecology: Den-dependent cub.
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธ
Stage 2

Yearling

1โ€“2.5 years

Follows mother learning to find seals.

Anatomical Highlights:
  • โ€ขRapid skeletal growth
  • โ€ขDeveloping foraging skills
Ecology: Family-group forager.
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธ
Stage 3

Subadult

2.5โ€“5 years

Independent; still filling adult mass.

Anatomical Highlights:
  • โ€ขNear-adult frame
  • โ€ขextreme blubber dependence
Ecology: Dispersing bear.
๐Ÿ‘‘
Stage 4

Prime Adult

5โ€“20 years

Full size with seasonal fat cycles.

Anatomical Highlights:
  • โ€ขAdult dentition
  • โ€ขSeasonal fat stores
Ecology: Adult omnivore/carnivore.
๐ŸŒŸ
Stage 5

Elder

20+ years

Slower foraging; dental wear accumulates.

Anatomical Highlights:
  • โ€ขWorn teeth
  • โ€ขLower body condition risk
Ecology: Senescing adult.
3

Growth Timeline Reference Matrix

Standardized peer-reviewed biometric development data.

Age MilestoneLife StageTotal Length RangeBody Mass RangeMaturityDietary Regime
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธBirth / Hatch / Day 0Cub30โ€“35 cm0.5โ€“0.7 kg0%Milk in snow den.
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธEarly growthCub55.2โ€“66.8 cm42.4โ€“84.6 kg12%Seal blubber with mother.
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธMid juvenileYearling104โ€“128 cm122.8โ€“245.5 kg35%Ringed and bearded seals.
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธLate juvenileSubadult156โ€“194 cm210.2โ€“420.3 kg60%Ringed and bearded seals.
๐Ÿปโ€โ„๏ธNear maturityAdult209โ€“260 cm297.6โ€“595.1 kg85%Ringed and bearded seals.
๐Ÿ‘‘Prime adultPrime Adult236โ€“295 cm343โ€“686 kg98%Ringed and bearded seals.
๐Ÿ‘‘Later adultElder240โ€“300 cm350โ€“700 kg100%Ringed and bearded seals.
Growth Velocity Profile
Peak Expansion: Den emergence to 3 years
Proportion at Birth: Birth/hatch size is a small fraction of adult size for Polar Bear
Sexual Dimorphism & Human Scale
Male vs. Female: Males can approach twice female mass.
Scale: 5โ€“10ร— human mass
Developmental Breakthroughs

Key Milestones in the Life of a Polar Bear

๐ŸŒฑEarly life

Polar Bear Early Independence Skills

Critical early learning period unique to polar bear ecology.

๐Ÿ“ˆGrowth peak

Peak Growth Window

Den emergence to 3 years is when size accumulates fastest.

๐Ÿ‘‘Maturity

Sexual Maturity

Typical maturity near 5 years for this species.

๐ŸงญAdult ecology

Adult Niche Mastery

Adults specialize in maternity snow den.

๐Ÿฝ๏ธNutrition shift

Diet Transition

Seal blubber with mother.

Frequently Asked Questions About Polar Bear Life History

Scientific answers to high-intent queries regarding lifespan and growth.

About 20โ€“25 years in the wild.

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