Arachnids Species Guide
Eight-legged joint-limbed invertebrates including spiders, scorpions, ticks, and harvestmen.
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Arachnids Encyclopedia & Field Guide
Arachnids are an ancient, highly specialized class of eight-legged chelicerate arthropods comprising spiders, scorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Lacking antennae and wings, arachnids possess two distinct body segments (cephalothorax and abdomen) and specialized chelicerae fangs used to deliver venom and digestive enzymes for external pre-digestion of prey.
Spider, Scorpion & Arachnid Field Identification
Diagnose arachnids safely using eye patterns (8 eyes vs 6 eyes), carapace markings (violin, hourglass), leg spine density, and web architecture. Differentiate harmless house spiders from medically significant species.
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- 1.Brown Recluse: 6 eyes in 3 dyads (pairs), uniform legs with no spines, violin mark on carapace.
- 2.Black Widow: Glossy black globular abdomen with vibrant red ventral hourglass.
- 3.Harvestmen: Single fused body segment, completely non-venomous and harmless.
Arachnid Orders & Lineages
True Spiders
Araneae
Silk spinnerets, venom fangs, hydraulic leg extension mechanism.
Scorpions
Scorpiones
Raptorial pincers, segmented metasoma tail with venom sting, UV fluorescence.
Tarantulas
Mygalomorphae
Parallel downward-striking fangs, dense setae, long lifespans (up to 30 yrs).
Harvestmen
Opiliones
Fused body without waist, central ocular turret, 100% non-venomous.
Featured Arachnid Species
Southern Black Widow
Latrodectus mactans
A glossy black cobweb spider famous for the red hourglass marking on the underside of its spherical abdomen.
Brown Recluse Spider
Loxosceles reclusa
A shy, light-brown spider recognized by the dark violin-shaped marking on its cephalothorax and having only 6 eyes arranged in 3 pairs (dyads).
Emperor Scorpion
Pandinus imperator
One of the largest scorpions in the world, glowing electric cyan-blue under ultraviolet blacklight, equipped with massive crushing pedipalp claws and a red telson stinger.
Sydney Funnel-Web Spider
Atrax robustus
A large mygalomorph spider of eastern Australia whose venom is of major medical significance; males are often the individuals involved in serious human encounters near Sydney.
Deathstalker Scorpion
Leiurus quinquestriatus
A slender yellow buthid scorpion of arid North Africa and the Middle East, frequently cited in educational “most venomous scorpion” lists for its potent neurotoxic venom.
Brazilian Wandering Spider
Phoneutria nigriventer
A large South American ctenid spider (genus Phoneutria) known for potent neurotoxic venom and a tendency to wander into human structures rather than staying in a fixed web.
Arachnids Species Guide
Showing 6 speciesSouthern Black Widow
Latrodectus mactans
A glossy black cobweb spider famous for the red hourglass marking on the underside of its spherical abdomen.
Brown Recluse Spider
Loxosceles reclusa
A shy, light-brown spider recognized by the dark violin-shaped marking on its cephalothorax and having only 6 eyes arranged in 3 pairs (dyads).
Emperor Scorpion
Pandinus imperator
One of the largest scorpions in the world, glowing electric cyan-blue under ultraviolet blacklight, equipped with massive crushing pedipalp claws and a red telson stinger.
Sydney Funnel-Web Spider
Atrax robustus
A large mygalomorph spider of eastern Australia whose venom is of major medical significance; males are often the individuals involved in serious human encounters near Sydney.
Deathstalker Scorpion
Leiurus quinquestriatus
A slender yellow buthid scorpion of arid North Africa and the Middle East, frequently cited in educational “most venomous scorpion” lists for its potent neurotoxic venom.
Brazilian Wandering Spider
Phoneutria nigriventer
A large South American ctenid spider (genus Phoneutria) known for potent neurotoxic venom and a tendency to wander into human structures rather than staying in a fixed web.
